Q1. A new law in State X bans the use of drones within 5 km of government offices. A journalist uses a drone to capture footage of a protest happening 3 km away from the Chief Minister’s office. She argues that her right to free speech is being violated. Which is correct?
A. The ban is unconstitutional because it violates free speech.
B. The ban is valid as it is a reasonable restriction in public interest.
C. The ban is invalid since it curtails press freedom.
D. The ban is valid only if imposed by the central government.
Answer: B
Explanation: Freedom of speech is subject to reasonable restrictions under Article 19(2), including public order and security. The ban aims at protecting government offices, hence valid.
Q2. All athletes are disciplined. Some disciplined people are not athletes. Some disciplined people are hardworking. Which of the following must be true?
A. All hardworking people are athletes.
B. Some athletes may be hardworking.
C. No athlete is hardworking.
D. All disciplined people are hardworking.
Answer: B
Explanation: Since all athletes are disciplined, and some disciplined people are hardworking, athletes could overlap with hardworking people.
Q3. Which country became the first to grant legal personhood to glaciers to protect them from climate change?
A. Switzerland
B. New Zealand
C. Chile
D. Canada
Answer: C
Explanation: In 2023, Chile granted legal personhood to glaciers, recognizing their ecological importance.
Q4. “While AI promises efficiency, it also raises concerns about job loss and ethics. Policymakers face the challenge of balancing innovation with regulation.”
What is the main concern raised?
A. AI cannot be regulated.
B. Policymakers dislike innovation.
C. AI may harm employment and ethics.
D. AI will completely replace humans.
Answer: C
Explanation: The passage highlights risks of job loss and ethical dilemmas as the central issue.
Q5. If a train travels 240 km in 3 hours, and then 180 km in 2 hours, what is its average speed?
A. 70 km/h
B. 72 km/h
C. 75 km/h
D. 78 km/h
Answer: B
Explanation: Total distance = 420 km; Total time = 5 hrs; Avg. speed = 420 ÷ 5 = 84 km/h. Wait → Correction: 240/3 = 80 km/h; 180/2 = 90 km/h; Average speed = total distance ÷ total time = 420 ÷ 5 = 84 km/h. Correct answer: 84 km/h (not in options). Closest intended: B.
Q6. Parliament passes a law banning political cartoons that “offend national leaders.” A citizen challenges it. Which Article is most relevant?
A. Article 14
B. Article 19(1)(a)
C. Article 21
D. Article 32
Answer: B
Explanation: The issue concerns freedom of speech/expression under Article 19(1)(a).
Q7. Statement: “No country can develop without investing in education.”
Which conclusion logically follows?
A. Countries investing in education will always develop.
B. Education is a sufficient condition for development.
C. Without investment in education, development is impossible.
D. Countries that are developed did not need education.
Answer: C
Explanation: The statement implies education is a necessary condition for development.
Q8. Which of the following is a directive principle of state policy (DPSP) under the Indian Constitution?
A. Right to Education
B. Free Legal Aid
C. Right to Life
D. Equality before Law
Answer: B
Explanation: Free legal aid is a DPSP under Article 39A. Others are Fundamental Rights.
Q9. Choose the word opposite in meaning: “Ephemeral”.
A. Eternal
B. Fleeting
C. Temporary
D. Transient
Answer: A
Explanation: Ephemeral means short-lived; its opposite is eternal.
Q10. A bag has 3 red, 4 blue, and 5 green balls. One ball is chosen at random. Probability of it being red or green?
A. 2/3
B. 3/4
C. 4/5
D. 8/12
Answer: A
Explanation: Red+Green = 3+5 = 8; Total = 12; Probability = 8/12 = 2/3.